Aseptic Meningitis (Viral Meningitis) definition, diagnosis and treatment in 2024

Aseptic Meningitis (Viral Meningitis) lecture 2024

Table of contents (toc)
Depicting brain


Definition of aseptic meningitis:

Aseptic meningitis is a clinical term for an illness comprising meningeal irritation, fever, and alterations in consciousness of relatively acute onset. 

  • The clinical course is less fulminant than in pyogenic meningitis.  
  • In contrast to pyogenic meningitis, examination of the CSF often shows lymphocytosis, moderate protein elevation, and a normal glucose level. 
  • The disease typically is self-limiting

Causes and causative agents of viral meningitis

Virus: 

-  Arboviral (mosquito-borne) diseases
-  Influenza 
-  LaCrosse Encephalitis virus
-  West Nile Virus
Common; Usually clears up in 1-2 weeks with no specific treatment
Rarely serious infection of fluid in the spinal cord or fluid that surrounds the brain
Also called aseptic meningitis

Signs and symptoms of aseptic meningitis:

  • Usually occur one week after exposure
  • Fever
  • Headache
  • Stiff neck
  • Tiredness
  • Sore Throat
  • Vomiting
  • Photophobia

Treatment and prevention of aseptic meningitis:

  • No specific treatment for viral meningitis
  • Antibiotics do not work on viruses.
  • Pay careful attention to personal hygiene.
  • Good hand-washing helps prevent spread of infection and viruses.

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