Endocrine System MCQs

Top 10 high-yield multiple-choice questions on the endocrine system for NHPC

Answers to multiple-choice questions on the endocrine system

1. Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake in cells and inhibiting glucose production in the liver?

a) Insulin

b) Glucagon

c) Cortisol

d) Thyroxine

e) Epinephrine

2. The primary target organ for antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is:

a) Liver

b) Kidneys

c) Adrenal glands

d) Pancreas

e) Thyroid gland

3. Graves' disease is characterized by an overactive thyroid gland, resulting in hyperthyroidism. Which of the following antibodies is commonly found in individuals with Graves' disease?

a) Anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO)

b) Anti-nuclear antibody (ANA)

c) Anti-insulin receptor antibody

d) Anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA)

e) Thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI)

4. The adrenal cortex primarily produces which class of hormones?

a) Glucocorticoids

b) Mineralocorticoids

c) Androgens

d) Catecholamines

e) Melatonin

5. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) plays a crucial role in maintaining calcium homeostasis. What effect does PTH have on blood calcium levels?

a) Increases blood calcium levels

b) Decreases blood calcium levels

c) No effect on blood calcium levels

d) Increases blood phosphate levels

e) Decreases blood phosphate levels

6. Which endocrine gland is responsible for the production of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles?

a) Pineal gland

b) Pituitary gland

c) Thymus gland

d) Hypothalamus

e) Thyroid gland

7. Which hormone is released in response to stress and helps the body prepare for a "fight or flight" response?

a) Insulin

b) Cortisol

c) Thyroxine

d) Estrogen

e) Progesterone

8. Inadequate production of adrenal hormones, such as cortisol and aldosterone, due to adrenal gland insufficiency is known as:

a) Addison's disease

b) Cushing's syndrome

c) Graves' disease

d) Hashimoto's thyroiditis

e) Diabetes mellitus

9. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during childbirth and promoting milk ejection during breastfeeding?

a) Oxytocin

b) Vasopressin

c) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

d) Prolactin

e) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

10. Which of the following is NOT a function of the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)?

a) Regulation of metabolic rate

b) Promotion of bone growth

c) Maintenance of body temperature

d) Stimulation of erythropoiesis

e) Regulation of heart rate

Answers to multiple-choice questions on the endocrine system

Remember, it's essential to continue studying and revising the endocrine system in-depth to excel in your medical exams. Good luck!