NATIONAL ACTION PLAN FOR ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE NEPAL 2021-2026

Table of Contents

List of Abbreviations and Acronyms .....................................................................................ii

Executive summary.................................................................................................................. v

1. Background ...................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................2

1.2 Situation analysis and assessment of antimicrobial use (AMU) and 

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Nepal..........................................................................4

1.2.1 AMR in man and animals................................................................................4

1.2.2 Awareness and understanding of AMR........................................................7

1.2.3 Surveillance of AMR ........................................................................................8

1.2.4 Infection prevention and control.................................................................10

1.2.5 Optimum use of antimicrobials ...................................................................10

1.2.6 Research and innovation ..............................................................................12

2. Country response .......................................................................................................... 12

2.1 Developing the National Action Plan on AMR ..................................................12

2.2 Governance mechanisms......................................................................................13

2.2.1 Multisectoral steering committee – AMR...................................................14

2.2.2 National technical working committee (NTWC) – AMR ...........................14

2.2.3 Technical working committees (TWCs).......................................................15

3. National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance.................................................... 16

3.1 Goal .........................................................................................................................16

3.2 Objectives ...............................................................................................................16

3.3 Strategic priorities .................................................................................................17

3.4 Strategic plan: interventions, activities, and key outputs .................................19

4. Institutional Arrangement ............................................................................................ 55

5. Financial Resources ....................................................................................................... 55

6. Monitoring and Evaluation Plan .................................................................................. 55

7. Risks................................................................................................................................. 58

8. Modification in annexure.............................................................................................. 58

iii

9. Right to explain.............................................................................................................. 58

10. Automatically invalid..................................................................................................... 58

11. References ...................................................................................................................... 59

Annex I: Governance committees and working group for AMR ..................................... 64

Annex II: Prime Minister and sectoral ministers (Human, Animal, and Environment) 

messages on tackling Antimicrobial Resistance................................................................ 72

Annex III : Costing of NAP AMR

 

National Antimicrobial Treatment Guidelines 2023