Parotid Gland Swelling One Side ICD 10

Parotid gland swelling one side ICD 10 Code

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What is parotid gland?

Dentistry MCQs

The parotid is a large salivary gland located near the jaw that helps produce saliva.

The parotid glands are the largest of the salivary glands, situated just in front of and below each ear. They secrete saliva into the mouth through ducts, aiding in digestion and oral health by moistening food and helping to break it down.

Length of different body parts.

Symptoms of Parotid gland Swelling

Symptoms of parotid gland swelling may include:

• Pain or Tenderness: Discomfort or pain in the area near the jaw or ear.
  
  
• Swelling: Noticeable enlargement of the gland, causing visible or palpable lumps.
  
  
• Redness or Warmth: Skin over the swollen gland may appear red or feel warm to the touch.
  
  
• Dry Mouth: Reduced saliva production can lead to dryness in the mouth.
  
  
• Difficulty Swallowing: Swelling can make swallowing food or liquids uncomfortable.
  
  
• Fever: An increase in body temperature, often indicating infection or inflammation.
  
  
• Bad Breath: Resulting from reduced saliva flow and potential infection.
  
  
• Difficulty Opening Mouth: Limited movement due to pain or swelling.
  
  
• Taste Changes: Altered sense of taste or unusual taste in the mouth.

Differential diagnosis of Parotid gland swelling

Parotid swelling can have various differential diagnoses (DDx), and they can be categorized based on whether the swelling is unilateral (one-sided) or bilateral (both sides).

Unilateral Parotid Swelling:

Benign Tumors:

Pleomorphic adenoma: Most common benign tumor of the parotid gland.

Warthin's tumor: Another benign tumor, more common in older males and smokers.

Malignant Tumors:

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma: The most common malignant tumor of the parotid gland.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma: Slow-growing but potentially aggressive tumor.

Infections:

Bacterial sialadenitis: Usually due to Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus species.

Viral sialadenitis: Most commonly mumps, especially in unvaccinated individuals.

Obstructive Causes:

Sialolithiasis (salivary gland stones): Leads to obstruction of the salivary duct, causing painful swelling.

Inflammatory Conditions:

Sarcoidosis: Can present with parotid gland involvement.

Sjögren's syndrome: Autoimmune disease that affects salivary glands, though typically bilateral, it can sometimes present unilaterally.

Trauma:

Post-traumatic swelling: Due to direct injury to the parotid gland.

Bilateral Parotid Swelling:

Infections:

Mumps: The most common viral cause, often accompanied by fever and malaise.

HIV-associated salivary gland disease: May cause bilateral enlargement.

Autoimmune and Inflammatory Conditions:

Sjögren's syndrome: Chronic autoimmune disorder affecting the salivary and lacrimal glands.

Sarcoidosis: Systemic granulomatous disease that may involve the parotid glands bilaterally.

Metabolic Conditions:

Alcoholic parotitis: Chronic alcohol abuse can lead to bilateral parotid swelling.

Diabetes mellitus: Can sometimes be associated with bilateral parotid enlargement.

Medications:

Drug-induced parotid enlargement: Certain medications like antihypertensives (e.g., clonidine) can cause bilateral gland enlargement.

Idiopathic:

Idiopathic sialadenosis: Non-inflammatory, non-neoplastic bilateral swelling of the parotid glands, often associated with metabolic conditions or malnutrition.

Identifying the underlying cause of parotid swelling requires a careful clinical evaluation, including history, physical examination, imaging studies (such as ultrasound or MRI), and sometimes biopsy or fine-needle aspiration (FNA).