Medical Laboratory Technology MCQs for NHPC Nepal – PCL in Medical Laboratory Technology License Exam

Here are 50 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) for the PCL in Medical Laboratory Technology (CMLT/DMLT) License Examination. These questions cover various topics in medical laboratory technology, including laboratory techniques, instrumentation, and patient safety. The answer key is provided at the end.

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Medical Laboratory Technology MCQs for NHPC Nepal – PCL in Medical Laboratory Technology License Exam

1. Which of the following tests is primarily used for diagnosing diabetes mellitus?

a) Hemoglobin A1c
b) Complete blood count (CBC)
c) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
d) Liver function test (LFT)

2. The main function of a centrifuge in the laboratory is to:

a) Sterilize instruments
b) Separate components of blood
c) Mix chemicals
d) Measure chemical reactions

3. Which of the following is the best method to sterilize heat-sensitive materials?

a) Autoclaving
b) Dry heat sterilization
c) Chemical sterilization
d) Filtration

4. What does the term “hematocrit” refer to?

a) The percentage of plasma in the blood
b) The percentage of white blood cells in the blood
c) The percentage of red blood cells in the blood
d) The amount of hemoglobin in the blood

5. Which of the following tubes is used to collect blood for a complete blood count (CBC)?

a) Red top tube
b) Blue top tube
c) Lavender top tube
d) Green top tube

6. The normal range for a white blood cell count in adults is:

a) 3,500-10,500 cells/µL
b) 150,000-450,000 cells/µL
c) 4-6 g/dL
d) 80-100 mg/dL

7. The primary use of a spectrophotometer is to measure:

a) Blood pressure
b) Light absorption
c) pH levels
d) Temperature

8. Which of the following blood tests is used to assess kidney function?

a) Creatinine
b) Hemoglobin
c) Amylase
d) Albumin

9. What is the function of an incubator in a medical laboratory?

a) To sterilize equipment
b) To maintain a controlled environment for microbial growth
c) To mix chemicals
d) To separate blood components

10. Which of the following is NOT typically a part of a routine urinalysis?

a) pH measurement
b) Red blood cell count
c) Glucose levels
d) Protein levels

11. A gram stain is used primarily to classify bacteria based on their:

a) Shape
b) Size
c) Cell wall structure
d) Growth pattern

12. The presence of ketones in urine is commonly associated with:

a) Diabetes mellitus
b) Liver disease
c) Dehydration
d) Kidney failure

13. Which test is used to assess liver function by measuring the levels of ALT and AST?

a) Renal function test
b) Lipid profile
c) Liver function test
d) Blood glucose test

14. The purpose of the hemoglobin A1c test is to:

a) Measure the average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months
b) Measure cholesterol levels
c) Diagnose kidney disease
d) Measure red blood cell count

15. The blood component responsible for clotting is:

a) White blood cells
b) Red blood cells
c) Platelets
d) Plasma

16. Which of the following methods is used for testing the presence of bacteria in water?

a) Gram staining
b) Biochemical testing
c) Endotoxin testing
d) Most probable number (MPN) method

17. The correct order of draw for venipuncture tubes is:

a) Blue, red, green, lavender
b) Red, green, blue, lavender
c) Green, blue, red, lavender
d) Blue, green, red, lavender

18. Which of the following is used to prevent the clotting of blood in a blood collection tube?

a) Heparin
b) Sodium citrate
c) EDTA
d) All of the above

19. A positive result for the ELISA test indicates:

a) The presence of a specific antigen or antibody
b) The presence of a virus
c) Low levels of glucose
d) A bacterial infection

20. The best temperature for storing most blood specimens is:

a) 0°C
b) 4°C
c) Room temperature
d) 37°C

21. Which of the following is a test used to detect tuberculosis?

a) Skin test (TST)
b) PPD test
c) Sputum culture
d) All of the above

22. The most common cause of anemia in the world is:

a) Vitamin B12 deficiency
b) Iron deficiency
c) Hemophilia
d) Leukemia

23. A patient with a high white blood cell count likely has:

a) Anemia
b) Infection
c) Liver disease
d) Diabetes

24. The primary role of a laboratory technician is to:

a) Perform surgeries
b) Analyze laboratory results
c) Diagnose diseases
d) Administer medications

25. In which of the following tests is a purple top tube used?

a) Blood glucose
b) Complete blood count (CBC)
c) Prothrombin time
d) Coagulation studies

26. Which of the following is used to monitor the level of cholesterol in the blood?

a) Lipid profile
b) Complete blood count
c) Liver function test
d) Renal function test

27. The most commonly used method to identify blood type is the:

a) Blood culture
b) Coombs test
c) Blood typing test
d) Hemoglobin test

28. The role of a clinical laboratory in the healthcare system is to:

a) Perform diagnostic tests
b) Provide imaging services
c) Perform surgeries
d) Administer patient medications

29. The purpose of a blood culture test is to detect:

a) Bacterial or fungal infections in the bloodstream
b) Blood clotting disorders
c) Anemia
d) High blood pressure

30. A common test used to assess thyroid function is the:

a) TSH test
b) Glucose test
c) BUN test
d) CBC test

31. Which of the following is used to assess the body’s ability to metabolize glucose?

a) Hemoglobin A1c
b) Fasting blood glucose
c) Oral glucose tolerance test
d) All of the above

32. The most common anticoagulant used in blood collection tubes is:

a) EDTA
b) Sodium citrate
c) Heparin
d) Potassium oxalate

33. A test commonly used to diagnose HIV infection is:

a) Western blot
b) PCR (Polymerase chain reaction)
c) ELISA
d) All of the above

34. Which of the following is a sign of dehydration in a laboratory test?

a) High hemoglobin level
b) Low blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level
c) Low red blood cell count
d) High blood glucose

35. A urinalysis is typically used to detect:

a) Blood in the urine
b) Protein in the urine
c) Glucose in the urine
d) All of the above

36. The main purpose of the prothrombin time (PT) test is to:

a) Measure the ability of blood to clot
b) Measure red blood cell count
c) Assess liver function
d) Assess kidney function

37. Which of the following is an example of an electrolyte test?

a) Sodium
b) Potassium
c) Calcium
d) All of the above

38. Which of the following is used to assess a patient’s hemoglobin levels?

a) Hemoglobin electrophoresis
b) Hemoglobin A1c
c) Complete blood count (CBC)
d) Blood glucose test

39. A normal white blood cell count for an adult is typically between:

a) 3,500-10,500 cells/µL
b) 5,000-15,000 cells/µL
c) 20,000-40,000 cells/µL
d) 10,000-30,000 cells/µL

40. A patient with high levels of creatinine likely has issues with:

a) The liver
b) The kidneys
c) The heart
d) The lungs

41. The primary function of plasma is to:

a) Carry oxygen
b) Transport nutrients
c) Carry waste products
d) Transport hormones

42. The purpose of performing a Gram stain is to:

a) Classify bacteria based on their cell wall structure
b) Identify viral infections
c) Determine the level of glucose
d) Assess kidney function

43. The most commonly used method for bacterial identification is:

a) Gram staining
b) Culturing
c) PCR (Polymerase chain reaction)
d) ELISA

44. The process of separating plasma or serum from blood is called:

a) Centrifugation
b) Filtration
c) Incubation
d) Incision

45. Which of the following is a common method for determining blood glucose levels?

a) Oral glucose tolerance test
b) Fasting blood glucose test
c) Hemoglobin A1c test
d) All of the above

46. Which of the following is an example of a blood test to detect liver function?

a) AST (Aspartate aminotransferase)
b) ALT (Alanine aminotransferase)
c) Bilirubin
d) All of the above

47. A high level of bilirubin in the blood may indicate:

a) Liver disease
b) Anemia
c) Kidney disease
d) Lung disease

48. Which of the following tests is used to detect and monitor HIV infection?

a) ELISA test
b) Western blot test
c) PCR test
d) All of the above

49. Which of the following tests is used to assess the clotting ability of blood?

a) Prothrombin time (PT)
b) Hemoglobin test
c) Urinalysis
d) Blood glucose test

50. Which of the following components is found in the plasma of blood?

a) Red blood cells
b) White blood cells
c) Platelets
d) Proteins

Answer Key

These MCQs are designed to cover a wide range of topics relevant to Medical Laboratory Technology (CMLT/DMLT) and can help in preparing for the PCL in Medical Laboratory Technology License Examination.